My great-grandfather and my grandfather kept bees, 我曾祖父和我祖父养蜜蜂,
and my father had bees,too. 我父亲也有蜜蜂.
I wasn't that interested,I didn't like being stung. 我没那么感兴趣,我不喜欢被蛰.
But when my father got on in years,he said, 但当我父亲长大成人后,他说,
"if you don't start getting interested in the bees,I'll just sell them." “如果你对蜜蜂不感兴趣,我就把它们卖掉.”
That really got to me.l thought, 我真的很感动.我想,
"if my father and grandfather can put up with bee stings,so can I. “如果我的父亲和祖父能忍受蜜蜂的叮咬,我也能.
I'm no sissy!" 我不是娘娘腔！”
The bees fed our family. 蜜蜂养活了我们一家.
They were a part of my grandfather's cannery. 它们是我祖父罐头厂的一部分.
They pollinated the raspberries, 他们给树莓授粉,
pears and apricots and his orchards 梨子、杏子和他的果园
and also the cucumbers. 还有黄瓜.
I loved my grandfather for all the animals he had, 我爱我祖父所有的动物,
horses,dogs,birds,even a roebuck. 马,狗,鸟,甚至一只雄鹿.
But what he loved most were his bees. 但他最爱的是他的蜜蜂.
He had 150 bee colonies. 他有150个蜂群.
He even built a special house for them. 他甚至为他们建造了一座特别的房子.
Lying in the grass in his garden, 躺在花园里的草地上,
I could hear the bees buzzing. 我能听到蜜蜂嗡嗡叫.
But I didn't know that I was 但我不知道我是
watching the flowers having sex. 看着花儿做爱.
The plants,my grandfather explained, 那些植物,我祖父解释说,
are rooted to the ground. 扎根在地上.
They can't run across the field and hug each other. 他们不能跑过田野拥抱对方.
But they can't have children on their own. 但他们不能自己生孩子.
What they need is a messenger of love,a bee. 他们需要的是爱的使者,蜜蜂.
To attract a bee,the plants produce sweet nectar. 为了吸引蜜蜂,这些植物产生甜蜜.
The bee drinks from one flower and flies to the next, 蜜蜂从一朵花喝到另一朵花,
taking along male pollen on its fur. 在它的皮毛上带着雄性花粉.
So,while looking for food, 所以,在找食物的时候,
it pollinates plant after plant. 它为一株又一株植物授粉.
And each plant starts to bear fruit. 每株植物都开始结果实.
My grandfather was a patriarch 我祖父是个族长
of gardens and bees,people and machines. 花园和蜜蜂,人和机器.
He was fascinated by how everything interacted. 他着迷于一切事物之间的相互作用.
But the bees are in trouble,now. 但是蜜蜂现在有麻烦了.
A few years ago they started dying. 几年前他们开始死亡.
Not just our bees. 不仅仅是我们的蜜蜂.
They're dying all over the world. 全世界的人都快死了.
The news is full of reports. 这条新闻充满了报道.
They say it's a mystery. 他们说这是个谜.
I take to the road,to find out why. 我走上路,找出原因.
The bloom is nearly full now. 现在花期快满了.
It's just such a gorgeous time of year to be out here. 这是一年中最美好的时光.
I mean it's just beautiful. 我是说它很漂亮.
And no one sees this. 没人看到这个.
The bee guy sees it,the almond guy sees it. 蜜蜂人看到了,杏仁人看到了.
Listen. 听.
Can you hear that 你能听到吗
That's the sound of money. 这就是钱的声音.
Fresh printed money. 新印钞.
Bees and trees. 蜜蜂和树木.
Nice. 不错.
Ladies,how are you today 女士们,你们今天好吗
Ah,you're busy. 啊,你很忙.
It's warm,it's sunny. 天气暖和,阳光明媚.
An old maid. 一个老处女.
It's a nut that didn't get shaken and didn't get hulled. 没被吓到.
And right there, 就在那里,
there,yum! 好了,好吃！
Delicious. 很好吃.
1/3 of our food 我们食物的三分之一
wouldn't exist without bees. 没有蜜蜂就不会存在.
My grandfather explained their secret to me. 我祖父向我解释了他们的秘密.
Colorful and fragrant plants are pollinated by insects. 五颜六色芳香的植物由昆虫授粉.
The plain and dry ones,by the wind. 在风的吹拂下,平原和干涸的土地.
The apricots and raspberries,on the jam labels, 果酱标签上的杏子和覆盆子,
were printed by my grandfather. 是我祖父印的.
His competitors were more efficient. 他的竞争对手更有效率.
They had the fruit delivered by rail. 他们用火车运送水果.
My grandfather went bankrupt. 我祖父破产了.
All he had left were his bees. 他只剩下蜜蜂了.
They still brought him the nectar, 他们还是给他带了花蜜,
but,the apples grew in a paradise he had lost. 但是,苹果生长在他失去的天堂里.
It's sort of a Faustian deal 这有点浮士德式的交易
that we made with the almond growers. 我们和杏仁种植者一起做的.
We know,going in, 我们知道,进去,
that there are risks and opportunities, 风险和机遇并存,
in the almond orchards. 在杏仁园里.
You know,they pay a lot of money. 你知道,他们付了很多钱.
I mean,you know,it's no mystery. 我是说,你知道,这不是什么秘密.
We've got 4,000 hives here at $150 a hive,that's $600,000. 我们这里有4000个蜂箱,每箱150美元,就是60万美元.
To me that's real money. 对我来说那是真正的钱.
That might be Joe Mack. 那可能是乔麦克.
He might be flying down to Bakersfield today. 他今天可能要飞到贝克斯菲尔德.
I think California produces 80%,maybe a little more, 我认为加州的产量是80%,也许更多一些,
of the world production in almonds. 世界杏仁产量的三分之一.
In terms of the almonds 就杏仁而言
that are actually in trade in the world, 在世界贸易中,
it's higher than that. 比那还高.
It may be close to 90%. 可能接近90%.
It's not commercial to grow almonds on a very small scale. 小规模种植杏仁是没有商业价值的.
I know of no reason why that system 我不知道为什么会有这种制度
will not be sustainable for the long term. 不会长期持续下去.
There's nothing that I've seen, 我什么都没看到,
in my 35 years in the industry, 在我35年的行业生涯中,
which would lead me to think that 这会让我想到
that concentration of almonds in one area is 在一个区域杏仁的浓度是
self-defeating in some way. 在某种程度上会弄巧成拙.
That it will somehow crash 它会以某种方式崩溃
as a result of being concentrated. 由于集中的结果.
I've seen nothing to that,to indicate that. 我没有看到任何迹象表明这一点.
We would not have a business without bees. 没有蜜蜂我们就没有生意.
Without some type of insect pollinator 没有昆虫传粉者
almonds won't set any crop whatsoever. 杏仁不会带来任何收成.
We've proven that again and again. 我们已经反复证明了这一点.
So our business relies entirely upon pollination by bees. 所以我们的生意完全依赖蜜蜂授粉.
Unlike bumblebees and butterflies, 不像大黄蜂和蝴蝶,
bees remain true to one type of flower. 蜜蜂只忠于一种花.
Some bees fly only to apples,others,only to bellflowers. 有些蜜蜂只飞到苹果上,有些只飞到铃铛花上.
They don't fly to a different type 它们不会飞到不同的类型
until they've finished the work they started. 直到他们完成他们开始的工作.
But here they have no choice. 但在这里他们别无选择.
There are only almond trees. 只有杏仁树.
Inside the hive the bees hand over 在蜂巢里蜜蜂们把它们交出来
the nectar to their sisters, 给她们姐妹的花蜜,
who chew on it,until it turns into honey, 咀嚼它,直到它变成蜂蜜,
and store it in empty honeycomb cells. 把它储存在空的蜂巢里.
They put the pollen into pollen baskets, 他们把花粉放进花粉筐里,
and store it as a protein reserve. 把它作为蛋白质储备储存起来.
But the returning bees bring back even more information. 但是返回的蜜蜂带来了更多的信息.
When I was at school,we watched a silent movie, 我上学的时候,我们看了一部无声电影,
The Dances of Bees. 蜜蜂的舞蹈.
It was directed by Karl von Frisch, 这是由卡尔·冯·弗里希导演的,
a scientist who received the Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖的科学家
for discovering the waggle dance. 因为他发现了摇摆舞.
Bees,he discovered,use the dance 他发现蜜蜂在跳舞
to communicate to their sisters 和她们的姐妹交流
the distance to the best flowers 到最好的花的距离
and the direction to fly in. 以及飞行方向.
The faster they waggle,the closer the food source. 它们摆动得越快,食物来源就越近.
In the darkness of the cinema,the bees were so annoying. 在黑暗的电影院里,蜜蜂真烦人.
It was so hard to comprehend their geometry. 很难理解他们的几何学.
They were so awfully clever and complicated. 他们非常聪明和复杂.
At the Freie Universitat,Berlin, 在柏林弗雷大学,
Professor Menzel is studying the question 门泽尔教授正在研究这个问题
of whether bees can make decisions. 蜜蜂是否能做出决定.
His experiment poses a dilemma for the bees. 他的实验使蜜蜂进退两难.
They already know a food source. 他们已经知道食物来源了.
But receive information from another bee 但是从另一只蜜蜂那里得到信息
about a second,perhaps better,feeding site. 大约一秒钟,也许更好,喂食点.
What to do 怎么办
She's a lovely little insect. 她是个可爱的小虫子.
Very tolerant. 非常宽容.
Not very smart,but really tolerant. 不是很聪明,但很宽容.
Two weeks from today, 两周后的今天,
It may look like an orchard to us, 对我们来说它可能看起来像一个果园,
but to them it looks like a desert. 但对他们来说这就像沙漠.
There's nothing to eat. 没什么可吃的.
The almond grower will call me and say, 杏仁种植者会打电话给我说,
"The bloom is over you may now go." “花期结束了,你可以走了.”
So we do go 所以我们要走了
because if we leave the bees here,they'll starve. 因为如果我们把蜜蜂留在这里,它们就会饿死.
We're about to be run over. 我们就要被碾死了.
Ribbon 丝带
Okay. 可以.
Thank you. 非常感谢.
He's starting from the other ribbon. 他从另一条丝带开始.
So maybe he'll go a little ways away. 所以也许他会走远一点.
If they'll just not spray the bees, 如果他们不喷蜜蜂,
that's great,you know 太好了,你知道吗
That's great. 太好了.
'Cause it really, 因为真的,
you know,ideally they'd spray at night, 你知道,理想情况下他们会在晚上喷洒,
when the bees are in. 当蜜蜂在里面的时候.
By the time the material is dry,and isn't so lethal, 等到材料干了,而且没那么致命的时候,
it's the next day. 就在第二天.
If they'd just spray it at night. 如果他们只是在晚上喷.
But,you know,you can't see at night. 但是,你知道,你晚上看不见东西.
They don't know where they are. 他们不知道自己在哪里.
These fields are massive,they get lost. 这些领域是巨大的,他们会迷失方向.
So,they're going to do what they're going to do. 所以,他们要做他们要做的.
It doesn't kill the bees. 它不会杀死蜜蜂.
But it repels the bees. 但它能驱赶蜜蜂.
If after this material has dried on the bloom, 如果这些材料在花上干燥后,
the bees bring that material back to the colony 蜜蜂把这些物质带回蜂群
and feed it to the babies, 把它喂给孩子们,
19 days later we see an impact on the brood. 19天后,我们看到了一个影响孵化.
We see brood die-off and it's the fungicide at work. 我们看到小鱼的死亡,这是杀菌剂在起作用.
Pretty much everybody knows it. 几乎每个人都知道.
That's the only two motivations 这是唯一的两个动机
in life my friends,greed and fear. 生活中我的朋友,贪婪和恐惧.
I don't know how to shrink a business 我不知道怎么缩小生意
or a lifestyle and be happy. 或是一种生活方式,然后快乐.
That's not in my DNA. 我的DNA里没有.
It's like,we're capitalists,we wanna grow. 就像,我们是资本家,我们想要成长.
Total global domination. 完全控制全球.
Mating in the air with drones 在空中与无人机交配
from other colonies, 从其他殖民地,
not in the hive with the bee's brothers, 不是和蜜蜂的兄弟们在蜂房里,
is an ingenious way of protecting against incest. 防止乱伦是一种巧妙的方法.
The queen is the mother of all 50,000 bees in the hive. 蜂王是蜂巢里5万只蜜蜂的母亲.
She lays up to 2,000 eggs a day, 她一天最多下2000个蛋,
the equivalent of her own body mass. 相当于她自己的体重.
The other bees tend to her needs, 其他蜜蜂会照顾她的需要,
care for her,feed and clean her. 照顾她,给她喂食和清洁.
When she dies,the bees must raise a new queen. 当她死后,蜜蜂必须养育一个新的蜂王.
The process is risky and takes a whole month. 这个过程很危险,需要一个月的时间.
The queen can lay infertile eggs 女王能下不育症的卵
that develop into drones,male bees, 变成雄蜂,雄性蜜蜂,
or fertile eggs from which female,worker bees emerge. 或者雌性工蜂从中产生的受精卵.
The eggs hatch into larvae, 卵孵化成幼虫,
which are fed by the bees with nectar and pollen. 蜜蜂用花蜜和花粉喂养它们.
Then,they seal the lid. 然后,他们把盖子封住.
The larva pupates, 幼虫化蛹,
and three weeks later a worker bee emerges. 三周后,一只工蜂出现了.
The fat,male drones take three days longer. 这些肥胖的雄性雄蜂要多花三天时间.
They'll be fed their whole life long by the worker bees, 它们会被工蜂喂养一辈子,
in order to build up their strength for the daily flights. 为了增强他们的力量,为每天的飞行.
They leave every afternoon,around 2:00 p.m., 他们每天下午2点左右离开.,
in the hope of meeting a princess mid-air. 希望能在空中遇见公主.
Those who don't get a chance,on the honeymoon flight, 那些没有机会的人,在蜜月航班上,
are killed by the worker bees in the fall. 在秋天被工蜂杀死.
In winter,drones would just be useless mouths to feed. 在冬天,无人机只是无用的嘴来喂养.
My grandfather's honey is not a gift 我祖父的蜂蜜不是礼物
from the bees,after all. 毕竟是蜜蜂.
My grandfather steals the honey from the bees, 我爷爷偷蜜蜂的蜂蜜,
and gives them sugar water to store for the winter,instead. 而是给他们糖水以备过冬.
Like the glass beads the Indians received 就像印第安人收到的玻璃珠一样
in payment for their gold. 以支付他们的黄金.
Even more ingeniously, 更巧妙的是,
grandfather manipulates them by breeding queens, 祖父通过繁殖皇后来控制它们,
that increase the bees' docility and diligence. 增加蜜蜂的温顺和勤奋.
More profit,fewer stings. 多赚少赚.
If you want to command the bees 如果你想指挥蜜蜂
you have to command the queen. 你必须指挥女王.
She's the key. 她是关键.
The bees decide when they want a new queen. 蜜蜂决定何时要新蜂王.
And build up a special cell for her. 为她建立一个特别的牢房.
Before the princess hatches, 在公主孵化之前,
the old queen swarms out with the old bees, 老皇后和老蜜蜂蜂拥而至,
and leaves the hive to the younger generation. 把蜂巢留给年轻一代.
The colony turns into two. 殖民地变成了两个.
Breeders interfere with this process. 繁殖者会干扰这个过程.
They take the queen away, 他们把女王带走了,
which forces the colony to raise a new one. 迫使殖民地重新建立一个.
But the new queen is queen by the breeder's grace. 但是新的女王是饲养员的女王.
The nurse colony is nervous, 护士团很紧张,
Good! 很好！
It has been manipulated by the beekeeper 它被养蜂人操纵了
and has neither a queen,nor brood. 既没有女王,也没有孩子.
The bees urgently need a new mother for the offspring, 蜜蜂迫切需要一个新的母亲来繁衍后代,
or else the colony will be dead within a few weeks. 否则殖民地将在几周内死亡.
They only need one queen. 他们只需要一个女王.
But in their distress they tend to all 但在他们的痛苦中,他们倾向于
the 51 larvae that Heaven has sent them 天赐给他们的51只幼虫
They feed them with royal jelly 他们用蜂王浆喂它们
and build queen cells around them. 在它们周围建蜂房.
The first queen that hatches 第一个孵化的女王
will kill the other ones in their cells. 会杀死他们牢房里的其他人.
There can only be one queen in the colony. 殖民地里只能有一个女王.
That's why the cells have to be harvested 这就是为什么要采集细胞
and placed in queenless colonies before they hatch. 在它们孵化前被安置在没有皇后的殖民地里.
The drone dies during the mating ceremony. 无人机在交配仪式中死亡.
When the queen returns from her maiden flight, 当女王从她的处女飞行回来时,
she keeps five million sperms in her sperm bag. 她在精子袋里放了500万精子.
In there they can stay alive for eight years. 在那里他们可以活八年.
Singer queens are sold to 58 countries, 歌手皇后区销往58个国家,
as well as artificial swarms, 以及人工蜂群,
four to six pounds of loose bees in a box, 盒子里有四到六磅的蜜蜂,
with a separately packed queen. 有一个单独包装的皇后.
There you go. 给你.
Before the settlers came, 在定居者来之前,
there weren't any honey bees in America. 美国没有蜜蜂.
But the colonists wanted to cultivate the prairie 但是殖民者想开垦草原
and grow fruit and vegetables. 种植水果和蔬菜.
To pollinate them,they needed bees. 为了给它们授粉,它们需要蜜蜂.
New colonies have to be imported 必须引进新的殖民地
or cultivated on a regular basis. 或者定期栽培.
I am a migratory beekeeper. 我是一个候鸟养蜂人.
In practice it means we go where the bees 实际上,这意味着我们去蜜蜂的地方
have the most opportunity to thrive. 最有机会茁壮成长.
That takes us across America. 带我们穿越美国.
In the course of a year we go from California, 在我们从加州出发的一年里,
where the almonds and cherries begin the season, 杏仁和樱桃的季节开始,
in early,early spring,February. 在早春二月.
We then go to Washington State 然后我们去华盛顿州
for apple pollination,apricot pollination, 为苹果授粉,
cherry pollination in late March and April. 樱桃在三月末和四月授粉.
We move the entire outfit to North Dakota for summer. 夏天我们把整件衣服搬到北达科他州.
All the bees go for honey production in the summer. 所有的蜜蜂夏天都去采蜜.
By October 1st,we've begun to close the circle 到10月1日,我们已经开始结束这个圈子
moving the colonies back west before winter. 在冬天之前把殖民地迁回西部.
So in the course of a year it's one big circle. 所以在一年的时间里,这是一个很大的循环.
It's a little under 1700 miles, 有点不到1700英里,
from California to North Dakota. 从加利福尼亚到北达科他州.
We try to transport the bees in two days 我们设法在两天内运送蜜蜂
and spend one night on the road. 在路上度过一个夜晚.
The less time the bees spend on the truck, 蜜蜂花在卡车上的时间越少,
the better and healthier they'll be. 他们会变得更好更健康.
The bees can't fly outside their hive 蜜蜂不能飞出蜂巢
when we're trucking them to,like,go to the bathroom. 当我们用卡车运他们去洗手间的时候.
So,the longer they have to stay in their box, 所以,他们在箱子里待得越久,
and hold their potty the more unhealthy they'll be. 他们越不健康就越不健康.
And it's stressful,and it's just, 压力很大,只是,
it's not natural for the bees to be on a truck. 蜜蜂呆在卡车上是不自然的.
The sooner we get them off the truck, 我们越快把他们从卡车上弄下来,
the better it's gonna be. 它会变得更好.
The breaks are short. 休息时间很短.
Without any airstream,it gets too hot inside the boxes. 如果没有气流,盒子里会太热.
On the plantations, 在种植园里,
one and a half million bee colonies interact, 150万个蜂群相互作用,
2/3 of all the bees in the USA, 美国三分之二的蜜蜂,
and they infect each other with diseases and parasites. 它们互相传染疾病和寄生虫.
The diseases travel along with them 疾病伴随着它们传播
all the way across America. 整个美国.
Nosema is an intestinal parasite 鼻瘤是一种肠道寄生虫
and eats the bee from the inside. 从里面吃蜜蜂.
Wax moths destroy the honeycomb. 蜡蛾毁坏蜂巢.
Foulbrood kills the larvae. 臭鼬杀死幼虫.
But the most dangerous of all is a mite. 但最危险的是螨虫.
Its name is Varroa Destructor. 它的名字是Varroa Destructor.
His brooding site is the bee's own brood cells. 他的孵卵地点是蜜蜂自己的孵卵细胞.
The young mites infest the larvae, 幼小的螨寄生在幼虫身上,
as well as cling to adult bees, 除了粘着成年蜜蜂,
ram their jaws between the rings of the bee's body, 把它们的嘴塞进蜜蜂身体的环之间,
and suck the bee's blood. 吸蜜蜂的血.
In the human world, 在人类世界里,
these bloodsuckers would be the size of a rabbit. 这些吸血鬼有兔子那么大.
Viruses invade the body through the open wounds, 病毒通过伤口侵入人体,
deforming the bee's wings. 使蜜蜂的翅膀变形.
Hm. 嗯.
Okay,there's very few bees here. 好吧,这里的蜜蜂很少.
This is trouble. 这是麻烦.
So let's have a look,there are no bees. 所以让我们看看,没有蜜蜂.
This is what we don't like. 这是我们不喜欢的.
Classic colony collapse disorder. 典型的群体崩溃症.
A queen, 女王,
20 friends, 20个朋友,
and nothing else. 没别的了.
This is a total loss and we don't know why. 这是完全的损失,我们不知道为什么.
Just,just gone! 只是,刚刚离开！
Plenty of pollen,plenty of nectar, 大量的花粉,大量的花蜜,
no evidence of brood. 没有孵化的迹象.
I'm getting real comfortable with death on an epic scale. 我对史诗般规模的死亡感到很舒服.
I don't like it. 我不喜欢.
It doesn't burn and it doesn't sting like it used to. 它不再像以前那样燃烧和刺痛.
You know,it used to be like, 你知道吗,以前是这样的,
oh God,it's a death in the family 哦,天哪,这是家里的死神
and now it's just something we gotta fix. 现在我们得解决这个问题.
It's just,you know,I gotta fix it. 只是,你知道,我得把它修好.
I don't have time to take it personally. 我没时间亲自处理.
I know this hive didn't mean to die. 我知道这个蜂巢不是故意要死的.
I don't know why it died. 我不知道它为什么会死.
But I can't fix it, 但我不能解决它,
I just gotta move on. 我要继续前进.
You know,I can't mourn the loss of this hive. 你知道,我不能为失去这个蜂巢而悲伤.
It's just part of the game. 这只是游戏的一部分.
Hey,we got 365 out of 456. 嘿,456人中有365人.
456 456 in-bound. 456 456绑定.
It's right at 20%. 现在是20%.
That's our worst load. 那是我们最大的负担.
Yeah,the worst one yet. 是啊,最糟糕的一次.
But the ones that are here look good. 但这里的看起来不错.
So,hopefully the next ones aren't that bad. 所以,希望下一个不是那么糟糕.
That's 90 duds. 那是90个哑弹.
91 91
I am backed into a corner 我被退到了一个角落
and I fight back with what I have,chemicals. 我用我所拥有的化学物质反击.
After the stressful journey 在紧张的旅程之后
the bees are given sugar water,mixed with antibiotics. 蜜蜂被给予糖水和抗生素.
In Europe,North America and China 在欧洲、北美和中国
the honeybee can no longer survive without drugs. 蜜蜂没有药物就不能生存.
But the 50,000 little brains 但是50000个小脑袋
network in a super-organism, 超级有机体中的网络,
which is more than just a bustling brown mass. 这不仅仅是一个熙熙攘攘的棕色的肿块.
It's 50,000 members of a family, 一个家庭有五万人,
the population of a medium sized town. 中等规模城镇的人口.
Each bee,depending on its age,has a designated role. 每只蜜蜂,根据它的年龄,都有一个指定的角色.
No one give commands,and yet,everyone obeys. 没有人发号施令,但人人都服从.
Even the honeycomb is a part of this sophisticated system. 甚至蜂巢也是这个复杂系统的一部分.
A communication network,full of information, 一个完整的信息网络,
passed on,in the dark hive odors. 在黑暗的蜂巢气味中传递.
I can imagine what a colorblind person misses out on, 我能想象一个色盲错过了什么,
but not,what the world looks like through one's nose. 但不是,从鼻子看世界是什么样子.
The bees have 60,000 smell receptors 蜜蜂有60000个嗅觉感受器
on each of their antennae, 在它们的触角上,
which allows them to smell in stereo. 这样他们就能在立体声中闻到味道.
They also have gustatory hair on their legs. 它们的腿上还有味觉毛发.
As they walk across the honeycomb, 当他们穿过蜂巢,
they receive a 3 dimensional odor-image 他们接收到一个三维的气味图像
of the colony's condition. 殖民地的状况.
Where's the queen 女王呢
Are enough eggs being laid 下的蛋够多了吗
Are sufficient stocks being stored 库存是否充足
Without its colony the individual bee cannot survive. 没有蜂群,蜜蜂个体就无法生存.
It must subordinate its personal freedom 它必须屈从于人身自由
for the good of the colony. 为了殖民地的利益.
In each bee family,up to 2,000 bees die,every day 在每个蜜蜂家庭中,每天有多达2000只蜜蜂死亡
and 2,000 new ones are born. 2000个新生命诞生了.
Could it be,that the individual bees 可能是个别蜜蜂
are like the organs or cells of a body 就像身体的器官或细胞
Is the super-oganisim,as a whole,the actual animal 作为一个整体,超级欧加尼辛是真正的动物吗
When the bees swarm out 当蜜蜂蜂拥而至
the colony is divided into two. 殖民地被分成两部分.
The commercial beekeeper beats the bees to it 它打败了养蜂人
and turns one colony into four,to replace dead colonies. 把一个殖民地变成四个,以取代死亡的殖民地.
Brood. 孵卵.
Honey. 蜂蜜.
Eggs. 鸡蛋.
Oh,everybody needs somebody that they can talk to 哦,每个人都需要一个可以和他们交谈的人
Someone to open up their ears 有人来打开他们的耳朵
And let their trouble through 让他们的麻烦过去
Now you don't have to sympathize 现在你不用同情了
Or care what they might do 或者关心他们会做什么
But everybody needs somebody 但每个人都需要人
That they can talk to 他们可以交谈
Each colony is split up. 每一个殖民地都被分开了.
Eggs,brood and honeycomb are uncrated 卵、窝和蜂巢都是未孵化的
into four empty boxes like spare parts, 装进四个空盒子里,
thus mixing brood with other colonies. 这样就混合了其他菌落.
Most of the queens die in the process. 大多数皇后都会在这个过程中死去.
New queens are delivered by FedEx,and placed in the hives. 新的蜂王由联邦快递运送,然后放入蜂箱.
Things have changed rapidly. 情况变化很快.
We don't keep bees the way my dad did. 我们不像我爸爸那样养蜜蜂.
My grandfather would probably 我祖父可能会
walk from this property disturbed. 从这个地方走出来被打扰了.
If he saw the way we keep bees today, 如果他看到我们今天养蜜蜂的方式,
he'd think,my God,you have lost your soul, 他会想,天哪,你已经失去了灵魂,
in the husbandry of the hive 在蜂巢的饲养中
and the care and the compassion in the keeping of the hive. 以及对蜂巢的关心和同情.
He'd say we've sacrificed our relationship with the colony. 他会说我们牺牲了与殖民地的关系.
But it was probably easier to maintain 但它可能更容易维护
that relationship with the hive. 和蜂巢的关系.
Because he was running,what,1500 hives 因为他在跑,什么,1500个蜂箱
We're running ten times that. 我们已经跑了十倍了.
You know,we have ten times the employees, 你知道,我们有十倍的员工,
we have ten times the property, 我们有十倍的财产,
we have ten times the square foot of plant and equipment. 我们有十倍于平方英尺的厂房和设备.
We have ten times the trucks with ten times the power, 我们有十倍于卡车的动力,
at ten times the cost. 十倍的价钱.
The black bees have raised 黑蜜蜂养大了
a new queen without yellow stripes. 没有黄条纹的新王后.
On her mating flight she never left the narrow valley. 在交配飞行中,她从未离开过狭窄的山谷.
Her daughters are,once again,racially pure. 她的女儿们,再一次,种族纯洁.
Mao once ordered that the sparrows be killed, 毛泽东曾下令杀死麻雀,
because they rob the people of grain. 因为他们抢了人民的粮食.
Billions of sparrows were killed. 数十亿只麻雀被杀.
The result was a plague of insects. 结果是一场虫灾.
It was fought with insecticides. 这是用杀虫剂防治的.
The bees also fell victim. 蜜蜂也成了牺牲品.
Rumor has it that Einstein once said, 有传言说爱因斯坦曾经说过,
if the bees ever die out, 如果蜜蜂死了,
mankind will follow 4 years later. 人类将在4年后追随.
I take a trip to the future. 我去未来旅行.
I'm astonished to find regions in China 我很惊讶在中国发现了一些地区
where they use so many chemicals 他们用了那么多化学物质
that all bees have disappeared. 所有的蜜蜂都消失了.
They're not sure whether to let me watch or not. 他们不确定是否让我看.
No other country can afford to ask itself the question 没有其他国家能自问这个问题
currently being posed at The University of Beijing, 目前正在北京大学拍摄,
who's better at pollinating,man or bees 谁更擅长授粉,人还是蜜蜂
Science answers with a definite,not man! 科学的答案是明确的,而不是人！
Here's what we've worked for all summer long. 这是我们整个夏天的工作.
We see this abundance of honey,beautiful! 我们看到这丰盛的蜂蜜,美丽！
Beautiful,summer honey. 漂亮,夏天的宝贝.
It's done,off,off! 完成了,关,关！
Hey! 嘿！
Mine! 我的！
They don't like sharing too much. 他们不喜欢分享太多.
My thought was,taste it. 我的想法是,尝尝.
Yeah,that's good. 是的,那很好.
That's real good,that's why it's straight out of the hive. 真的很好,所以它直接从蜂箱里出来.
It's traumatic,it's hard on them. 这很痛苦,对他们来说很难.
They don't understand it. 他们不明白.
They've been flying in the fields for months undisturbed, 他们已经在田野里飞了好几个月没有受到干扰,
and now suddenly someone came and blew smoke in their face, 突然有人来朝他们脸上喷烟,
and took the boxes off and scraped their top bars, 把盒子取下来,刮去上面的铁条,
and handled them roughly,and now the lid's back on, 粗暴地处理,现在盖子又打开了,
and the hive is a lot smaller than it used to be. 而且蜂箱比以前小了很多.
It's a four to five week lifespan. 它的寿命是4到5周.
A single bee produces about one teaspoon of honey. 一只蜜蜂产一茶匙蜂蜜.
For two pounds of honey a colony has to fly 为了两磅蜂蜜,一个蜂群必须飞起来
three times around the world. 环游世界三次.
Bees filter out the toxins with their own bodies. 蜜蜂用自己的身体过滤毒素.
They sacrifice themselves so that the brood eats 他们牺牲自己,以便孵卵吃
only the purest of honey. 只有最纯的蜂蜜.
But traces of pesticides probably remain. 但残留的杀虫剂可能还没有找到.
How many Chinese migrant workers 有多少中国民工
does it take to replace the bees 是否需要更换蜜蜂
It took four billion bees a whole month, 一个月花了40亿只蜜蜂,
to produce these mountains of almonds. 去生产这些杏仁山.
Even vegetarians depend on industrial animal husbandry. 即使是素食者也依赖工业畜牧业.
What's causing the bees to die 是什么导致蜜蜂死亡
Looking for clues, 寻找线索,
I come across the divine promise of growth, 我遇到了神圣的成长承诺,
we learned in Sunday school. 我们在主日学校学的.
Be fruitful and multiply. 繁衍生息.
Fill the earth and subdue it. 填满地球,征服它.
The massive death of bees is no mystery. 蜜蜂的大量死亡并不神秘.
What's killing them is not pesticides, 杀死他们的不是杀虫剂,
mites,antibiotics,incest or stress, 螨虫,抗生素,乱伦或压力,
but a combination of all those factors. 但所有这些因素的结合.
They are dying as a result of our civilization's success. 他们正因我们文明的成功而死去.
As a result of man,who has turned feral bees 由于人类,谁变成了野蜂
into docile domestic animals,wolves,into delicate poodles. 变成温顺的家畜、狼,变成娇嫩的贵宾犬.
But why do the bees put up with it 但是蜜蜂为什么要忍受呢
We flew around the world four times to make this film. 为了拍这部电影我们飞了四圈.
On one of the last flights,while looking out of the window, 在最后一班飞机上,当我看着窗外,
I remembered a story from Alice in Wonderland. 我记得爱丽丝梦游仙境时的一个故事.
The story of the Red Queen. 红皇后的故事.
The Red Queen grabs Alice by the hand 红皇后抓住爱丽丝的手
and runs off with her, 和她私奔了,
and on,until Alice is gasping for air. 继续,直到爱丽丝喘不过气来.
Faster,faster,the Queen cries. 快,快,女王哭了.
The wind almost blows the hair off Alice's head, 风差点把爱丽丝的头发吹掉,
but the world around her stands still. 但她周围的世界静止不动.
As if the trees and buildings were running,too. 好像树木和建筑物也在奔跑.
Faster,the Red Queen cries out, 快点,红皇后喊道,
until Alice falls down exhausted. 爱丽丝累倒在地.
She looks around and says, 她环顾四周说,
But we've been under this tree the whole time! 但我们一直都在这棵树下！
Everything,just as it was! 一切都是原样的！
Of course it is,the Red Queen replies, 当然,红皇后回答说,
It takes all the running you can do, 你需要尽全力跑,
to keep in the same place. 放在同一个地方.
One of the first people to pull up 最早把车停下来的人之一
to the scene,the Lakeville Fire Chief, 去现场,莱克维尔消防队长,
couldn't figure out why there was 不知道为什么
a cloud around the accident, 一片云彩笼罩着事故,
when there was nothing on fire. 当时没有着火.
There was a haze,a black haze,around the whole scene. 一片阴霾,一片黑色的阴霾,笼罩着整个场景.
And I was,I just have never quite seen anything like that. 我是,我只是从来没见过这样的事.
Didn't know he drove 我不知道他开车
right into a swarm of bees. 变成一群蜜蜂.
Stung in the face a few times, 在脸上刺了几下,
immediately he ordered his crews 他立即命令他的船员
to wear full turn-out gear for protection. 穿戴全副武装以保护自己.
14 people have died in the US since 2004, 自2004年以来,美国已有14人死亡,
after being attacked by swarms of killer bees. 在被成群的杀人蜂攻击后.
Killer bees first escaped 杀人蜂首先逃走了
from a Brazilian breeding experiment, 从巴西的育种实验中,
then,migrated through Central America and Mexico. 然后,移民到中美洲和墨西哥.
Along the way getting a deadly reputation; 一路上获得了致命的声誉；
allegedly killing hundreds of people. 据称杀害了数百人.
Killer bees are a cross 杀人蜂是十字架
between European and African bees. 在欧洲和非洲蜜蜂之间.
Their correct name is Africanized honeybee. 它们的正确名称是非洲蜜蜂.
26 swarms escaped from a lab in the University of Sao Paolo. 圣保罗大学的一个实验室里有26个蜂群逃走了.
Are the bees finally striking back 蜜蜂终于反击了吗
Or are they helpless in the hour of need 还是他们在需要的时候无能为力
Hey RenB! Hey,Fred! 嘿,伦布！嘿,弗雷德！
Came to get your bees. 来找你的蜜蜂.
So,gonna have to take off this soffit here. 所以,我得把这个沙发底脱掉.
You did say,I get a suit,right 你说过,我有一套西装,对吧
Yeah,you'll get a suit.Well,alright,Fred! 是的,你会得到一个西服.嗯好吧,弗雷德！
You're my friend! 你是我的朋友！
In 1992 a local minister called me to his home. 1992年,一位地方部长把我叫到他家.
He said,"I want you to come get my bees", 他说,“我要你来拿我的蜜蜂”,
because his neighbor had put in 因为他的邻居
an exercise ring for his horses. 为他的马准备的运动戒指.
And so the bees that were on 所以蜜蜂们
his property were stinging the horses, 他的财产会刺痛马匹,
and the people on the horses, 还有骑马的人,
because the horses were making a lot of noise 因为马发出很大的声音
and vibrating the earth, 震动地球,
and of course bees don't like that. 蜜蜂当然不喜欢这样.
So,I went over dressed like this, 所以,我穿成这样走过去,
with no protection whatsoever, 没有任何保护,
I think I wearing a short-sleeve shirt, 我想我穿了件短袖衬衫,
because I was used to working with the European bees, 因为我习惯了和欧洲蜜蜂一起工作,
and I thought that this won't be too big of a problem. 我想这不会是个大问题.
But,I got over there,and of course it was. 但是,我到了那里,当然是.
The bees were much more ferocious 蜜蜂更凶猛
than any I'd ever seen previously. 比我以前见过的任何一个都多.
I wasn't sure exactly what they were, 我不确定他们到底是什么,
but I thought,well what I'll do is, 但我想,我要做的是,
I'll find the queens 我会找到皇后的
and I'll put in nice new queens, 我会放上漂亮的新皇后,
because these bees were just too mean. 因为这些蜜蜂太小气了.
And so,I put in a gentle queen 所以,我放了一个温柔的女王
and the bees killed her,immediately,killed her, 蜜蜂杀了她,立刻,杀了她,
and they raise their own queen. 他们养起了自己的女王.
It's always a good idea to pee first. 先尿尿总是个好主意.
Okay.Yeah, 好吧.是的,
before we get the bees excited. 在我们让蜜蜂兴奋之前.
Oh,yeah! So if you need to go, 哦,是的！所以如果你需要走,
now is the time. 现在是时候了.
No,I think I'm pretty good. 不,我觉得我很好.
You're pretty good 你很不错
Okay.Yeah,I think so. 好的.是的,我想是的.
Ready Fred Ready. 准备好了弗雷德准备好了.
Move it down,just a tad. 把它放低一点.
Beautiful,beautiful nest. 漂亮,漂亮的鸟巢.
Yeah,it is. 是的,是的.
Look at that,perfect rows. 看,完美的一排.
Yeah. 是 啊.
They filled the cavity. 他们把洞填满了.
Yeah Rebo,these are your killer bees. 是的,雷波,这些是你的杀人蜂.
The honey flow's been on. 蜂蜜流已经开始了.
You can see that comb's real fresh 你看那梳子真新鲜
and the stuff further back is brood combs. 后面的东西是育儿梳.
Yeah. 是 啊.
Look at it! 看看！
That's beautiful. 太美了.
Looks good,even in the bucket. 看起来不错,即使在桶里.
You know,Rebo,if you'd lived in Tucson 15 years ago, Rebo,如果你15年前住在图森,
somebody might have charged you $1,000,to take this out. 有人可能要你1000美元,把这个拿出来.
At the time I had mites,parasitic mites. 当时我有螨虫,寄生螨.
And so I thought,these really vicious hives, 所以我想,这些非常邪恶的蜂巢,
I won't treat them and so the mites will kill them. 我不给他们治病,所以螨虫会杀了他们.
The mites did not kill them. 螨没有杀死它们.
These hives thrived with no treatment, 这些蜂群在没有治疗的情况下茁壮成长,
whereas my gentle,treated hives 而我温柔的治疗过的麻疹
did not do very well at all. 一点也不好.
And so I began to think, 所以我开始想,
maybe there's something to these bees. 也许这些蜜蜂有些什么.
At that time I was thinking,maybe these were African bees. 当时我在想,也许这些是非洲蜜蜂.
I didn't tell anyone 我没告诉任何人
because I was afraid of what might happen if I did. 因为我害怕如果我这样做会发生什么.
It's a nice brood. 这是一个不错的窝.
Now this.Oh yeah, 现在这个.哦,是的,
the yellow is a good brood.Yeah where is our box,Rebo 黄色是个好东西孩子们.是的我们的箱子在哪,雷波
See it Yeah. 看到了是的.
Oh,I see that's 哦,我明白了
what the string is for.Yeah that's what 绳子是什么因为.是的那是什么
the string is for. 这串是给的.
That's what the bears 熊就是这样
get in the hives for,huh,Fred 进蜂箱里吧,弗雷德
Yep. 是的.
Not looking for the honey, 不是在找蜂蜜,
they're looking for the brood. 他们在找那一窝.
There we go. 我们开始了.
Want to pour 'em in the hives 想把它们倒进蜂箱里吗
Yeah,let's pour 'em in. 是啊,我们倒进去吧.
The queen may well be in this bunch right here. 女王很可能就在这里.
The lid on. 盖上盖子.
It's quite a bit heavier 它有点重
than just the honey that we put in there. 不仅仅是我们放进去的蜂蜜.
Yeah. 是 啊.
It's amazing how much a few bees weigh. 几只蜜蜂的体重真是惊人.
Let's put it just on the edge here. 让我们把它放在边缘.
Wanna make sure, 想确定一下,
scoot 'em off the bottom.Bees,yeah. 把他们赶出去底部.蜜蜂是的.
There any bees on the bottom 底部有蜜蜂吗
Not many. 不多.
Okay,good.Do a sweep. 可以,很好.你呢一次扫荡.
I think we're in good shape. 我想我们的状态很好.
Oh,American are always afraid of being invaded! 哦,美国人总是害怕被入侵！
If not,illegal immigrants,then,killer bees. 如果不是,非法移民,那么,杀人蜂.
I do have to wear a bee suit,now. 我现在得穿蜂装了.
I do have to have to work my bees much more carefully. 我必须更加小心地工作.
But it's easily worth it. 但这很容易值得.
I know that they do make more honey. 我知道它们确实能制造更多的蜂蜜.
And they make honey that doesn't 他们做的蜂蜜不
have any chemicals in it. 里面有什么化学物质.
So that means an awful lot to me. 所以这对我来说意义重大.
Looking good! 看起来不错！
Lots of drones. 很多无人机.
The bees are not really native to Australia. 蜜蜂并不是澳大利亚本土的.
They arrived with the first settlers. 他们和第一批定居者一起到达.
And over time some of them,of course,escaped. 随着时间的推移,他们中的一些人,当然,逃脱了.
And they got established. 他们建立起来了.
So we have honeybees can survive without any human help. 所以我们有蜜蜂可以生存没有任何人类的帮助.
which is very different from Europe, 这和欧洲很不一样,
China,and northern America. 中国和北美洲.
So if we collect males, 所以如果我们收集男性,
that's what is Rodolfo doing up there at the moment, 这就是鲁道夫现在在上面做的事,
we can basically study the queen genes, 我们基本上可以研究皇后基因,
because the males are clone variants of the queen. 因为雄性是女王的克隆变种.
And I always refer to our feral bees 我总是指我们的野蜂
here in Australia as a big bank account, 在澳大利亚作为一个大银行账户,
A bank account where you don't have money on it, 你没有钱的银行账户,
you have basically genetic variations of genes on it 你基本上有基因的变异
and with the work which we do here at the moment 以及我们现在在这里所做的工作
we basically try to withdraw some of our assets, 我们基本上是想提取一些资产,
and we use them for future bee breeding. 我们把它们用于未来的蜜蜂繁殖.
Well done. 做得好.
Alright. 好吧.
Can we have a look 我们能看看吗
Yep. 是的.
Here you go.Ah,excellent. 给你去吧.啊,非常好.
Look,look at this. 看,看这个.
It's really nice. 真的很好.
Oh my God. 哦,我的上帝.
Yeah,they're very lively. 是的,他们很活泼.
The bees still have a grip on my family. 蜜蜂仍然控制着我家.
Now my grandchildren are fascinated by them. 现在我的孙子们都被他们迷住了.
What will they be eating 他们要吃什么
when they themselves become grandfathers 当他们自己成为祖父的时候
My daughter and son-in-law 我的女儿和女婿
are doing research on the bee's immune system, 正在研究蜜蜂的免疫系统,
at the University of Western Australia. 在西澳大利亚大学.
Maybe the quiet one,Hendrick, 也许是安静的那个,亨德里克,
the one sitting still. 坐着不动的那个.
Here this guy. 这家伙.
In a gesture of welcoming, 表示欢迎,
they burn my bee suit. 他们烧了我的蜂服.
Push him in. 把他推进去.
I could have brought in germs from my trip. 我本来可以从旅行中带来细菌的.
This is where the last healthy bees live. 这是最后健康的蜜蜂生活的地方.
A continent without the Varroa mite. 没有瓦螨的大陆.
Domesticated Queens are inseminated 驯养的蜂王被授精
with the sperm of feral bees. 用野生蜜蜂的精子.
To eliminate the risk of what happened in Brazil, 为了消除巴西发生的风险,
the Australian test bees 澳大利亚试验蜜蜂
are brought to an uninhabited island, 被带到一个无人岛上,
where they'll undergo a stress test. 他们将在那里接受压力测试.
If they pass the test they'll continue to be bred. 如果他们通过测试,他们将继续繁殖.
Perhaps even for the world market. 甚至对世界市场也是如此.
They might,of course,mutate into Frankenstein bees 当然,它们可能会变异成弗兰肯斯坦蜜蜂
but,at least they won't do any harm, 但是,至少他们不会造成任何伤害,
it's too far from the mainland. 它离大陆太远了.
But maybe the bees on the mainland 但也许是大陆上的蜜蜂
become diseased,and only the ones,here, 生病了,只有那些人,在这里,
on the island stay healthy. 在岛上保持健康.
In that case I see Noah's Ark. 那样的话,我看到诺亚方舟了.
Oh! 哦！
We seem to be afraid of 我们似乎害怕
foreigners coming into the country, 外国人入境,
even though we're all immigrants here. 尽管我们都是移民.
And so the African bees came, 于是非洲蜜蜂来了,
they didn't have papers 他们没有文件
they didn't have permission, 他们没有得到许可,
they didn't have visas,or even passports. 他们没有签证,甚至没有护照.
And there was really nothing we could do to stop them. 我们真的无法阻止他们.
They're completely wild creatures. 它们完全是野生动物.
They have not been domesticated. 它们还没有被驯化.
They are as they have always been. 他们一如既往.
And people were very frightened of that. 人们对此非常害怕.
And then,when I went to Brazil in 1995, 然后,当我1995年去巴西的时候,
I found that the country had completely 我发现这个国家已经完全崩溃了
embraced the African bee. 拥抱着非洲蜜蜂.
That what we have been told about the African bees, 我们听说非洲蜜蜂,
that they didn't make honey, 他们没有做蜂蜜,
that they were not good pollinators, 它们不是很好的授粉者,
they were impossible to manage, 他们根本无法控制,
I found that all those things were completely false. 我发现所有这些都是假的.
They can survive on very scarce resources. 他们可以靠非常稀缺的资源生存.
If I were a gambling person, 如果我是个赌徒,
I would bet on the survival of the African bees 我敢打赌非洲蜜蜂的生存
over,just about,any other species,so, 差不多,任何其他物种,所以,
so,I think they'll be here after we're gone. 所以,我想我们走后他们会在这里.
The bees that I took out from the roof 我从屋顶拿出来的蜜蜂
did not like their new nest and so they left. 不喜欢他们的新巢,所以他们离开了.
They swarmed. 他们蜂拥而至.
They will find a limb on a tree 他们会在树上找到一根树枝
or something like that where they can cluster 或者类似的地方,它们可以聚集在一起
to take care of the queen. 照顾女王.
From that cluster the bees will send out scout bees 蜜蜂会从那群蜜蜂中发出侦察蜂
to look for a suitable nest site. 寻找合适的巢址.
If a scout bee finds a suitable nest site, 如果一只侦察蜂找到了一个合适的巢址,
she will come back to this cluster of bees 她会回到这群蜜蜂身边
and she will tell her nest mates 她会告诉她的巢友
about the very good site. 关于非常好的网站.
And then,when they reach a consensus 然后,当他们达成共识时
then they will all leave together. 然后他们一起离开.
Not even a bear could get to those bees! 连蜜蜂都不能忍受！